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Author |
Bischof, K; Peralta, G; Kräbs, G; van de Poll, WH; Perez-Llorens, JL; Breeman, AM |
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Title |
Effects of solar UV-B radiation on canopy structure of Ulva communities from southern Spain |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Bot |
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Volume |
53 |
Issue |
379 |
Pages |
2411-2421 |
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Keywords |
canopy formation; photosynthesis; ultraviolet radiation; Ulva rotundata |
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Abstract  |
Within the sheltered creeks of Cádiz bay, Ulva thalli form extended mat-like canopies. The effect of solar ultraviolet radiation on photosynthetic activity, the composition of photosynthetic and xanthophyll cycle pigments, and the amount of RubisCO, chaperonin 60 (CPN 60), and the induction of DNA damage in Ulva aff. rotundata Bliding from southern Spain was assessed in the field. Samples collected from the natural community were covered by screening filters, generating different radiation conditions. During daily cycles, individual thalli showed photoinhibitory effects of the natural solar radiation. This inhibition was ev
en more pronounced in samples only exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Strongly increased heat dissipation in these samples indicated the activity of regulatory mechanisms involved in dynamic photoinhibition. Adverse effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis were only observed in combination with high levels of PAR, indicating the synergistic effects of the two wavelength ranges. In samples exposed either to PAR+UV-A or to UV-B+UV-A without PAR, no inhibition of photosynthetic quantum yield was found in the course of the day. At the natural site, the top layer of the mat-like canopies is generally completely bleached. Artificially designed Ulva canopies exhibited fast bleaching of the top layer under the natural solar radiation conditions, while this was not observed in canopies either shielded from UV or from PAR. The bleached first layer of the canopies acts as a selective UV-B filter, and thus prevents subcanopy thalli from exposure to harmful radiation. This was confirmed by the diff
erences in photosynthetic activity, pigment composition, and the concentration of RubisCO in thalli with different positions within the canopy. In addition, the induction of the stress protein CPN 60 under UV exposure and the low accumulation of DNA damage indicate the presence of physiological protection mechanisms against harmful UV-B. A mechanism of UV-B-induced inhibition of photosynthesis under field conditions is proposed. |
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Oxford University Press |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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southern Spain |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
12 |
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Author |
Hobson, KA; Ambrose Jr, WG; Renaud, PE |
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Title |
Sources of primary production, benthic-pelagic coupling, and trophic relationships within the Northeast Water Polynya: Insights from δ13C and δ15N analysis |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mar Ecol Prog Ser |
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Volume |
128 |
Issue |
1-3 |
Pages |
1-10 |
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Keywords |
phytobenthos; polynyas; carbon 13; nitrogen isotopes; food webs; check lists; trophic structure; Algae; PNE, Greenland, Northeast Water Polynya |
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Abstract |
We used stable carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) isotope analysis to investigate linkages between sources of primary production and the pelagic and benthic components of the Northeast Water (NEW) Polynya off northeastern Greenland. Ice algae was enriched in 13C (mean δ13C = -18.6 vs -27.9 ppt) and 15N (mean δ15N = 8.3 vs 4.9 ppt) over particulate organic matter
(POM) suggesting that the relative importance of these sources might be traced isotopically. Most grazing crustaceans and filter-feeding bivalves had δ13C and δ15N values in the range of -21 to -23 ppt and 7 to 9 ppt, respectively, indicating a direct pathway from POM. Close benthic-pelagic coupling was also confirmed for other benthic organisms examined with the exception of the predatory or deposit feeding echinoderms Ophiocten, Ophiacantha and Pontaster. Compared with other Arctic and temperate marine food webs, stable-carbon isotope values for the NEW Polynya were depleted in 13C. A δ15N trophic model that incorporated taxon-specific isotopic fractionation factors indicated that the NEW Polynya consisted of 4.5 to 5 trophic levels. Stable-isotope analysis may be well suited to establishing the importance of polynyas as sites of high primary productivity and tight benthic-pelagic coupling relative to regions of more permanent ice cover. |
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Address |
Canadian Wildlife Service, 115 Perimeter Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X4, Canada |
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Publisher |
Inter-Research |
Place of Publication |
Oldendorf/Luhe |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
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ISSN |
0171-8630 |
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Northeast Water Polynya; Northeast Greenland Shelf; Arctic |
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Notes |
Bibliogr.: 63 ref. |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ 133 |
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3 |
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Author |
Aberle, N; Witte, U |
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Title |
Deep-sea macrofauna exposed to a simulated sedimentation event in the abyssal NE Atlantic: in situ pulse-chase experiments using 13C-labelled phytodetritus |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mar Ecol Prog Ser |
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Volume |
251 |
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Pages |
37-47 |
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Keywords |
Deep-sea; Pulse-chase experiment; δ13C; Benthic carbon remineralisation; Macrofauna; Atlantic Ocean, Porcupine Abyssal Plain |
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Abstract |
Tracer experiments with 13C-labelled diatoms Thalassiosira rotula (Bacillariophycea, 98% 13C-labelled) were conducted at the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (PAP) in the NE Atlantic (BENGAL Station; 48°50'N, 16°30'W, 4850 m depth) during May/June 2000. In situ enrichment experiments were carried out using de
ep-sea benthic chamber landers: within the chambers a spring bloom was simulated and the fate of this food-pulse within the abyssal macrobenthic community was followed. In focus was the role of different macrofauna taxa and their vertical distribution within the sediment column in consuming and reworking the freshly deposited material. T. rotula is one of the most abundant pelagic diatoms in the NE Atlantic and therefore 0.2 g of freeze dried T. rotula, equivalent to 1 g algal C m-2 yr-1, was injected into each incubation chamber. Three different incubation times of 2.5, 8 and 23 d were chosen in order to follow the uptake of 13C-labelled phytodetritus by macrofauna. After only 2.5 d, 77% of all macrofauna organisms showed tracer uptake. After 23 d the highest degree of enrichment was measured and 95% of the individuals had taken up 13C from the introduced algal material. In addition to that a downward transport of organic matter was observed, even though the mixing was not
very intense. The initial processing of carbon was dominated by polychaetes that made up a percentage of 52% of total macrofauna. In general macrofauna organisms that lived close to the sediment surface had higher access to the simulated food-pulse, confirming the hypothesis that individuals close to the sediment surface have the strongest impact on the decomposition of phytodetritus. In our study we observed only modest vertical entrainment of 13C tracers into the sediment. With regard to contradictory results from former 13C-enrichment experiments in bathyal regions, compared to results from our study site in the abyssal plain, we thus propose pronounced differences in feeding strategies between macrofauna communities from continental margins and abyssal plains. |
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Address |
Aberle, Witte: Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstr. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Aberle: Present address: Max Planck Institute for Limnology, August-Thienemann-Str. 2, 24306 Plön, Germany; Email: aberle@mpil-ploen.mpg.de |
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Publisher |
Inter-Research |
Place of Publication |
Oldendorf/Luhe |
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Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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ISSN |
0171-8630 |
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Area |
NE Atlantic |
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Notes |
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no |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ 706 |
Serial |
4 |
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Author |
Thomas, DN; Dieckmann, GS (eds) |
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Title |
Sea ice – an introduction to its physics, chemistry, biology and geology |
Type |
Book Whole |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
402 pp |
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Keywords |
Sea Ice |
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Abstract |
Sea ice, which covers up to 7% of the planet's surface, is a major component of the world's oceans, partly driving ocean circulation and global climate patterns. It provides a habitat for a rich diversity of marine organisms, and is a valuable source of information in studies of global climate change and the evolution of present day life forms. Increasingly, sea ice is being used as a proxy for extraterrestrial ice covered systems.
Sea Ice provides a comprehensive review of our current available knowledge of polar pack ice, the study of which is severely constrained by the logistic difficulties of working in such harsh and remote regions of th
e earth. The book's editors, Drs Thomas and Dieckmann have drawn together an impressive group of international contributing authors, providing a well-edited and integrated volume, which will stand for many years as the standard work on the subject. Contents of the book include details of the growth, microstructure and properties of sea ice, large-scale variations in thickness and characteristics, its primary production, micro-and macrobiology, sea ice as a habitat for birds and mammals, sea ice biogeochemistry, particulate flux, and the distribution and significance of palaeo sea ice. |
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Address |
Thomas: School of Ocean Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, UK; Dieckmann: Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany |
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Publisher |
Blackwell Science Ltd |
Place of Publication |
Oxford |
Editor |
Thomas, DN; Dieckmann, GS |
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English |
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ISBN |
0-632-05808-0 |
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Notes |
40 Illustrations |
Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ library-34/436/1 |
Serial |
7 |
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Author |
Sirko, R.I. |
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Title |
The investigation of personality properties of future psychologists |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Eur. j. educ. appl. psychol. |
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Pages |
77-81 |
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Keywords |
extreme psychology, individual properties o f personality, psychologists.; Article |
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Abstract |
Individual-psychological descriptions o f future psychologists which influence on success o f activity in extreme situations are examined in the article. Factors are selected: selfactualization o f personal ity communicability, explained, eksternality o f personality, nocifensors o f psyche and emotional stability. |
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Premier Publishing s.r.o. |
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ISSN |
2310-5704 |
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Call Number |
nmv @ luydmyla31 @ |
Serial |
119 |
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